Fiqh - Semester 4 - Lecture 27 | Shaykh Assim Al-Hakeem | Zad Academy English
PsZMMiH8pGA • 2025-09-04
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Kind: captions Language: en [Music] But fordul. [Music] Now there are women who are forbidden for men to marry and this is easy to understand because when you read the Quran, read the sunnah and use your common sense and logic you will find that this is totally acceptable. First of all, those who are prohibited to get married to either the prohibition is for good and this is something permanent or the prohibition is for something that might be removed and one can marry them later on. So who are those prohibited to marry for good? There are three categories. One, blood related women. Two, reasons related to suckling, breastfeeding. Three, reasons related to marriage. So those who are permanently prohibited to marry due to blood reasons are the mothers. So your mother, your grandmother, whether paternal or maternal, no matter how high they go up, is prohibited. Daughters, of course, this is in all religions. You can't marry your daughter or your granddaughter. sisters whether paternal, maternal or uh uh fully your uh sister u daughters of your brothers or your um sisters. So your nieces you cannot marry those at all. Uncle uh aunts whether paternal or maternal you cannot marry your aunt no matter what. Of course one would in the west say yeah aunts paternal maternal of are prohibited and their daughters meaning cousins. No cousins are totally permissible to marry too. And the evidence in the Quran is clear prohibited to you for marriage are your um mothers, your daughters, your sisters, your father's u sisters, your uh mother's sisters. These are the aunts, your brother's daughters, and your sister's daughters. And this is for the nieces. And anything else is per permissible because Allah says and legal to you are all others beyond this and this is mentioned in surah anisa chapter 4 women. So this is why it was called women because it lists a number of things related to women. First category blood relations. Second category of prohibition of women to marry relations through breastfeeding and anyone related to you through breastfeeding is exactly like the blood relations. So when Allah says in the Quran prohibited to you for marriage and Allah lists all of this all of that and then Allah says at the uh um list your milk mothers who nursed you your sisters through nursing. So this indicates that the moment the mother nurses an individual he becomes her son. Of course if the conditions are fulfilled and all those related to her become his blood like prohibited relations. So this woman now becomes his mother which means her husband becomes his father which means her parents becomes become the his grandparents. Her siblings become his uncles and aunts. Her children become his siblings and so forth. And this is why the prophet saysam what becomes maharam that is forbidden for marriage through breastfeeding is that which becomes mahum through blood ties. It's the same thing. And the conditions that must be fulfilled in order for this relationship to become prohibited are two. Number one, the suckling has to be before the child reaches two years of age. If the suckling took place a day after the child reached two years of age, the suckling does not have an effect. The second condition is that the suckling should be five complete breastfeedings and the scholars call this meals. So when the child starts to suckle and to feed out of hunger he may take 5 minutes 10 minutes. The moment the child leaves the breast and stops suckling by itself because it's full, this is a complete meal and this is sufficient. Thirdly, the prohibition of women to get married to through marriage and that is through becoming in-laws and they are four women. The first one is the mother-in-law. So the wife's mother or her grandmother and no matter how high it goes, they are prohibited to marry. Allah says in the Quran, your wives, mothers, when he listed prohibited for you to marry. So this is number one, your mother-in-law. The moment you become married, then this woman, the mother-in-law becomes haram for you. Just by the marriage contract, even if the marriage was not consummated, it's done. You can't marry that woman. She becomes like your mother. She's mahum to you. You can be alone with her. you can travel with her without any problem. The second is the daughter's law. If you married a woman and she has a daughter, so this stepdaughter of yours or uh u the stepdaughter is not the daughter-in-law. The stepdaughter of yours, the daughter of your wife whom you got married to becomes maham to you but not by the marriage contract like the mother-in-law. No, your uh uh stepdaughter you have to consumate the marriage with the mother in order for her daughter to become maham. But if you just married a woman and it's on contract, you've never been alone with her and then you divorced her, there's no problem in marrying her daughter. And this is very hypothetical, but it can happen in some societies in some cases. And Allah is the most wise for allowing this to happen. Allah says in the Quran, "And your stepdaughters under your guardianship born of your wives unto whom you have gone in," meaning consummated the marriage. But if you have not gone in unto them, there is no sin upon you. There's no problem in marrying them. And the third one is the stepdaughter or the step that is uh um daughter who is would it be called stepdaughter? Let me check this a little bit. Um the wives of his son the daughter-in-law that is not the stepdaughter. I apologize. So the daughter-in-law, the wife of my son, this is a maham forever. The moment my son marries a woman, she becomes my daughter-in-law. And I can never marry her. Even if my son dies, if my son divorces her because Allahel also says also prohibited to you are the wives of your sons who are from your own loins. They're your real uh uh children. Fourthly, the wives of the father. So my stepmother is someone I cannot marry for life. Whomever my father marries, whether she's my age, whether she is older, whether this or that, this is not permissible for me to marry because my father married her. Allah says in the Quran, "And do not marry those women whom your fathers married except what has already occurred and that is before the prohibition was mentioned but and this is forgiven but now this is not permissible uh at all. Allah describes this as saying indeed it was an immorality and a hateful act to Allah and was evil as a way. All these descriptions of such a marriage which means it is totally prohibited and haram. And the prophetat wasam ordered a man who married his stepmother to be killed and executed for committing such a heinous act as mentioned in the hadith. The second part of women who are prohibited for us to marry are those who are the prohibition is temporary. It's not permanent. And the first type of such prohibition is prohibition of combining between two women specific women. So for example, number one, a man cannot marry two sisters whether half or full. This is prohibited in Islam because Allah mentioned this in the Quran and that you take uh in marriage two sisters simultaneously. To have both sisters at the same time married to the same man is invalid. Yes. If the first sister dies or is divorced, then afterwards the man can marry her sister without a problem. This happens a lot when a person finds that his sister-in-law when his brother is dead and his sister-in-law is a widow, she has children, he marries her. There's no problem in that. or when his own, let me rephrase that. When his own wife dies and he has children, then he marries her sister. That's fine. But to marry them both is not permissible. Also, likewise, to marry a woman and her maternal paternal aunt, this is prohibited. It may cause division in the family, hatred and enmity between the kinship. This is one of the reasons but Allah knows the best for other reasons that we don't know of. We should adhere and um obey. The prophet prohibited this in an authentic hadith. Likewise to combine between more than four women. Allahel says and marry those that please you of other women two or three or four. Which means that this is the max and the consensus of scholars of Islam that a person cannot marry more than four women at a time. The second type of temporary prohibition. So the first type is to combine between that those who are not permissible to combine between. The second temporary prohibition is for a reason that is there but can be removed. Such as a woman who is on her. So she was married to a man and the man divorced her. First or second divorce and she has a waiting period of three monthly cycles. As she was in her father's house, I want to propose and marry her and she's fined with that and we make the marriage contract. This is an invalid marriage. Why? because there is an obstacle. Her EDA is ongoing. She has to wait for three monthly cycles. Allahel says in the Quran, "And do not determine to undertake a marriage contract until the decreed period uh uh is over. So the decreed period of waiting period between the divorce and being set free for good is over. You have to wait. You cannot just simply jump the gun and marry her. Likewise, the second uh uh type is a woman who is a fornicator. You cannot marry someone who is a well-known fornicator, someone who is a prostitute because this is not permissible. Allah says the fornicator does not marry except a female fornicator or apist and a man marries her except a fornicator or apolist. So even the a nun marries a man cannot marry someone of such a character because this is unlawful for the believers. A man does not marry someone who's well known to be a fornicator and a Muslim woman does not marry someone who's a playboy and a well-known fornicator. This is haram unless they repent and they complete the woman complete her. So if I want to marry someone known to be or was known to be a prostitute or a fornicator, she reverted to Islam, she became a practicing Muslim, that's fine. Providing that she repents and she awaits to the period and completes it, then we can uh get married inshallah. Thirdly, someone who was divorced three times. We know that divorce is twice and there is room for reconciliation and revoking the the divorces. But if the third time takes place, this is final and this cannot be um revoked. Allah says divorce is twice. So if this happens for the third time, what is the solution for that? Allahel says that they cannot go back together after the third divorce until she marries someone else, another man in a legitimate marriage. And after this marriage is done and they live together in a legitimate marriage without the intention of going back to the previous husband, the ex and then divorce happens for one reason or the other. Then they can get married uh uh or remarry her again. And finally the last category is someone who is in the state ofam. If there's a woman in the state ofam it is prohibited to engage to propose to get married to as per the hadith of the prophetatam. the mushroom the the pilgrim in should not get married or have a marriage uh arranged for him or proposing marriage after the state ofam there is no problem in that and finally the consensus of all Muslim scholars and anyone who goes against this would be an apostate it is a well-known fact that a Muslim woman can never marry anyone who is not Muslim. So any woman who's claiming to be a Muslim, if she marries a non-Muslim, she that marriage is not valid because Allahawel says in the Quran, "And do not marry polytheistic men uh uh to your own women un uh until they believe." So if they do not revert to Islam, such a marriage is invalid. Anyone approving of it or saying that it's a valid marriage, they would be committing apostasy. [Music] to speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech. [Music]
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