Kind: captions
Language: en
foreign
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for nearly a thousand years the largest
enclosed building on earth
its Heavenly Dome soars 180 feet high
supported by archers that Inspire awe to
this day for their strength and
resilience
when it opened gold mosaics covered over
four acres of its walls and ceilings
Builders construct construct such a
magnificent Monument there's nothing
practical about Hagia Sophia it's all
Innovation built nearly 1500 years ago
in Constantinople modern day Istanbul
Paya Sophia has survived clashing
Empires by transforming from church to
mosque
to museum
Harry's about the history of
Christianity and Islam within its walls
most remarkably Haya Sophia has survived
centuries of city-busting earthquakes
did ancient Architects actually design
an earthquake-proof structure or will
the next big Quake bring Haya Sophia
down
to find out a team of Engineers is
monitoring the building and constructing
a giant model placing it on a hydraulic
platform and hitting it with powerful
simulated earthquakes
can they unlock hia Sophia's seismic
Secrets before Istanbul's next big quake
there is always this Fear Factor
fear of saying unexpected collapses
right now on Nova Haya Sofia Istanbul's
ancient mystery
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thank you
[Music]
Haya Sophia
completed in the year 537 is one of the
most magnificent buildings ever
constructed
its size alone is awe-inspiring
only the pyramids surpassed it in height
for almost a thousand years
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is a glittering gold Dome that spans
over a hundred feet across
and soars 180 feet above its marble
floor
the Statue of Liberty can fit beneath
its Dome with room to spare
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how did ancient Builders nearly 1500
years ago construct such a gigantic Dome
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since it's complete
hire Sophia has withstood the rise and
fall of Empires
it is transformed from Christian Church
to Muslim Mosque
to secular Museum
influences a number of mosques
and it became a model for Christian
churches as well
it's Innovative ambitious design and its
Monumental scale speak to people across
cultures faiths and religions
how can one building be a symbol for two
different religions and continue to
inspire people to this day
oh yes Sophia is a unique building there
are only a few structures in the world
that present different layers of history
in the last two thousand years
but perhaps the greatest mystery is why
it still stands at all
For Hire Sophia is in Istanbul known as
Constantinople in ancient times
the city straddles two continents Europe
and Asia
and a major earthquake fault
over the last century the north
Anatolian fault has Unleashed a series
of quakes
the most recent in 1999 was just 60
miles from Istanbul
and it was devastating leveling hundreds
of buildings across the city and killing
thousands of people the damage caused by
99.8 is extensive plus there is a huge
human loss about we lost about 17 000
people
but somehow Haya Sophia is still
standing
in fact Haya Sophia has withstood every
major earthquake for nearly 1500 years
what is the secret to its survival
as Istanbul braces for the next big one
a team of Engineers searches for Answers
by building an enormous scale model
hitting it with a series of simulated
earthquakes
in the process they will uncover the
building's strengths
and weaknesses
weaknesses that could ultimately
threaten Haya Sophia's survival
is director of the earthquake
engineering Lab at wazichi University
she is tasked with monitoring the
structural Integrity of Haya Sophia
slanted floors and leaning columns may
appear alarming
but chotti is most concerned about Haya
Sophia's core structure that core
structure comes down to a few key
elements
the enormous Dome
resting on four huge arches which in
turn are buttressed by four giant piers
and two semi-domes
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a particular concern are the four arches
of any fail the Dome could collapse
to monitor the Arches her team has
placed sensors at strategic points
the sensors can detect the faintest of
movements the data that we obtain from
here is very important in terms of
understanding the general structural
behavior of this huge building
nation is transmitted to screens at
Istanbul's earthquake Center
each of the multicolored lines
represents vibrations detected by a
motion sensor
normally the lines are nearly flat
but when an earthquake strikes there's a
dramatic Spike
from results of years of monitoring
chalk DC's two places of potential
Danger
these are the vertical vibrations on
both arches on the east and west side
two of the great arches are moving more
than they have in the past
could have serious implications for the
future
if an earthquake comes strong enough I
think there is a real chance it can
receive damage
will the next big Quake finally topple
Haya Sofia
um
to investigate what danger Haya Sophia
might be in
trotti is turning to a tried and true
technique a seismic Shake table test
it's worked before
in 2012 Chucky teamed up with
engineering team Aaron caliphat and
korhanorao to analyze the structural
Integrity of the Mustafa Pasha mosque in
Macedonia
they built this large-scale model placed
it on a motorized steel platform
then shook it violently to simulate an
earthquake
the idea is that wherever damage appears
on the model is where damage would
appear on the actual building
Engineers important insights to protect
the real structure
it worked for the Mustafa Pasha mosque
but will it work with Haya Sophia a
building larger heavier and more complex
the model team has doubts
the main issue is scale
the core structure must be precisely
scaled down for the shake table
experiment to be accurate
if trakti chooses a scale of 10 to 1 the
Dome at just over a hundred feet wide
would be 10 feet wide on the model
but that's still too big for the shake
table
has a
kept in terms of its dimensions and in
terms of the power that it can create
capacity of this shake table is 10 tons
the scaled tract he wants to use will
make the model too big
so she must scale it down
after intense recalculations it looks
like a 26 to 1 scale could work
based on paper we are always nervous
whether it will work
the scale model is an ambitious project
with no guarantee of success
but it pales in comparison to the
challenge of building the real higher
Sofia
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why
Haya Sophia is built at a major
Crossroad in history the decline of the
Roman Empire and the rise of the
Byzantine Empire
in 324 A.D after Rome is ravaged by
Civil War
emperor Constantine establishes a new
capital in the city of Byzantium
it's renamed after him he Embraces a new
religion Christianity
and Constantinople becomes the center of
the Byzantine Empire as Rome fades in
importance
Empire thrives but in the early 6th
Century a power struggle erupts after a
new emperor ascends the throne
Justinian
riots break out challenging his
authority
Theodora his much younger wife and
rumored ex courtesan persuades him to
fight rather than flee
Justinian rallied to the challenge he
called the rebels looking as if he was
going to meet their demands met them in
the Hippodrome
had the doors closed and had the Army
slaughter them all
tens of thousands are killed and
Justinian emerges Victorious
during the riots the rebels burned down
much of the city including an older
Imperial Church also called Haya Sophia
this is All That Remains
much of the city of Constantinople had
been destroyed in the great riots and
this allowed Justinian the opportunity
to in effect rebuild Constantinople and
the Church of Hagia Sophia in his own
image
Justinian needed a building to convey
both his power as Emperor and piety as a
Christian
so what to build
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Branham is a professor of art history at
Providence College and an expert on how
Builders designed Sacred Space
she's at Sun Giovanni Evangelista a
church in Ravenna Italy
although rebuilt many times its floor
plan dates to when Christianity becomes
a state religion
for the first few centuries Christians
worshiped in private in homes and small
buildings
but this completely changes in the 4th
century
Christianity had been an underground
cult
Christians persecuted
but when Christianity becomes the
official religion of the Roman Empire
Christians face a different problem
what should a church look like early
church Builders looked at biblical
prototypes like the Temple of Solomon
described in the Hebrew Bible
but it's actually a secular Roman
building that is adapted for early
Christian use
that building is the Basilica
used for courts of Law and other public
gatherings
its floor plan a large Central Nave
flanked by two Isles and culminating in
an apps becomes the model for churches
an ideal space for worshipers to gather
Embraces the church's rectangular shape
to demonstrate his Christian piety
but he still needs something to
symbolize his Imperial power
he looks to the Dome of the pantheon in
Rome the ultimate symbol of the might
and glory of the Roman Empire
but the Pantheon's Dome sits on a thick
circular base
Justinian wants his Dome to be centered
over a rectangular Christian basilica
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Justinian sets out to do something that
has never been done before
he wanted to merge to architectural
structures into a mammoth hybrid space
so where do you find Builders to create
something on a scale that's never been
done before
Justinian turns to Greek mathematicians
Justinian hired Antonius of trellis and
isadores of milletis both at experienced
as mathematicians and physicists and
scientists of their day
they were asked to create the most
impressive biggest building ever built
Justinian puts these University
professors in charge of a hundred
contractors and 10 000 workers and gives
them
the mere treasury of the Byzantine
Empire
the emperor is taking a big gamble
there's nothing practical about Hagia
Sophia it's all Innovation it's
geometric Flights of Fancy beyond what a
practical architect would ever attempt
to build
their first challenge is how to support
the Dome and still keep a huge space for
worshipers below
if they built walls or columns the space
would not be open like this it would be
much smaller and narrower
in order to make it as large and as
Heavenly as possible they need a big
space and that can only be accomplished
by building large arches
a giant Dome will need giant arches to
support it
the original Architects should have been
very concerned about how to support this
huge Dome over there
the team back at the earthquake Center
faced the same challenge building their
model
will their arches be strong enough to
support the Dome
stic
to find out they add sacks of cement to
simulate the weight of the Dome
weighs about 50 pounds and they
expect the arch to support about 10 of
them
but as the fifth bag is placed
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foreign
luckily nobody is hurt as the arch
collapses with only about 200 pounds on
it
it collapsed before we were expecting
the collapse to take place
I think that happened because we didn't
wait for the mortar to set fully
while this might seem to be a setback
for the team trotti insists this kind of
unanticipated collapse illustrates one
of the main advantages of building a
physical model
it is always interesting to see the
failure mechanism in real life when you
do it on computers you develop an idea
of how the failure is going to happen
but it is only during the tests of this
kind where we see the collapse better
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the slow motion replay of the collapse
shows that the downward force of the
sacks pushes the arch out sideways
the weight of the Dome exerts the same
force on the arches in the real Haya
Sofia
the arch wants to push out and fall down
so you have to hold the arch together
like bookends
to create those bookends anthonyus and
his adoras the Greek mathematicians
build four buttress peers massive
weights of brick and mortar and two
semi-domes
push back against the Arches canceling
out the sideways force caused by the
Dome
but anthonius and Isadora still have one
more problem to solve
how to rest the Dome on the tips of the
arches
The Architects had to transition from a
circle to a square
this they accomplished by building what
is called pendentives it is this
triangular shape that fills in the
corners of the square
the pendentus together with the Arches
transform the circular base of the Dome
into a square
and the semi-domes stretch that square
into a rectangle
Justinian has it all
the classic rectangular shape of the
Basilica capped by the enormous circular
Dome
Antonius and his adora's complete Haya
Sophia in only six years
and do indeed spend nearly the entire
treasury of the Byzantine Empire
in 537 Emperor Justinian and his wife
Theodora unveiled their Church to the
world
all who enter are awed by its size
and the richness of its decorations
columns crowned by Capital so finely
carved they look like lace
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floors and walls of marble dazzle
worshipers with patterns of swirling
colors
Justinian brought marbles from all parts
of the empire
the great purple columns that we see in
the corners for example come from the
Imperial quarries of Egypt elsewhere in
the building we see Stones brought from
as far away as the Pyrenees in Spain
an eyewitness account reports that the
Dome looks as though it was suspended
from heaven
by a Golden Chain
like the church before it Justinian
christensen's this Monument higher
Sophia which in Greek means holy wisdom
[Music]
but the Dome that Justinian first sees
is not the same Dome that sits atop
higher Sophia today
just 20 years after Haya Sophia is
unveiling its Dome collapses in a
catastrophic earthquake
we really don't know what Justinian did
when the first dome collapsed we can
imagine he wasn't very happy fortunately
for Isidore and anthemius they were dead
by that point
when the Dome collapsed in 558 the
business of rebuilding it was given to
the architect isidores the younger a
nephew of the original architect
chuckmuck believes isadoris the younger
redesigns the Dome
to reduce its weight he installs 40
windows at its base
the windows serve two purposes one is to
get rid of the bricks that you need
which led additional weight and to let
light in
Haya Sophia is put to the test in at
least another dozen major earthquakes
the Dome suffers two partial collapses
which were repaired so visitors today
cast their eyes up to the same Dome
built by isadoris the younger nearly
1500 years ago
[Music]
but Haya Sophia has withstood more than
just seismic activity it's also been
resilient to cultural upheavals
600 years after Justinian Constantinople
continues to flourish but its riches
Inspire Envy in 1204 European Christian
Crusaders on their way to the Holy Land
sacked the city and loot Treasures from
the Byzantine Christian Haya Sophia
yeah
then a new religion challenges the old
order
Islam
its forces lay Siege to Constantinople
seven times over eight centuries
finally in 1453 Sultan Mamet conquers
the weakened City and makes it the
capital of his Ottoman Empire
Mehmet enters the Church of Haya Sophia
on a Tuesday and by that Friday he is
praying in the mosque of Haya Sophia
remember the Conqueror Hagia Sophia was
really the ultimate Conquest that was
the symbol he was after for his new
Empire
but how can a church become a mosque
from an architectural perspective it
isn't difficult
there was the addition of the Min bar
from which the Imam would give the
sermon
gave the sacred Direction orientation to
Mecca
later the Ottomans add large discs
calligraphied with sacred words from the
Quran
plaster over Christian mosaics
an outside construct minarets for the
call to prayer
but Haya Sophia's vast Dome most easily
makes the conversion
the Dome itself had religious meaning
for both Christian worshipers and now
Muslim worshipers
for both it was a symbol of the heavens
the structure at the heart of Haya
Sophia the round Dome on the square base
works as powerfully for Islam as it did
for Christianity
is so admired in the Islamic World it
becomes the classic Model for mosques
throughout the Ottoman Empire
today Haya Sophia is a museum a Showcase
of its religious and cultural history
when you enter the building you look to
your left and you see a beautiful Mosaic
panel from the Byzantine Empire and you
look at your right and you see a
wonderful calligraphic quotation from
the Quran you see the history of the
whole city in a sense the whole region
in a nutshell
but deciding which layers of its history
to display is a battle that continues on
its walls
stepping onto the battlefield is
researcher hitoshi takanazawa
he's on a hunt for Christian mosaics
that were plastered over when Haya
Sophia was converted into a mosque
challenge is how
'd the Byzantine mosaics without
damaging the ottoman decorations
[Music]
secret weapon is this electromagnetic
scanner
normally it's used to find structural
faults in things like Bridges
nobody has ever used it to find Jesus
we are developing new equipment for
investigation
it is crucial we find the technology
that can deduce whether a mosaic exists
without destroying anything
an engineer Satoshi Baba carefully run
the scanner against the wall
foreign
what might they find
a tantalizing Taste of Haya Sophia in
its full Mosaic Splendor is here
the Church of San Vitale in Ravenna
Italy
also built during Justinian's Reign
nearly 1500 years ago
teen visitors
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and it was through the mosaics that this
happened
they were a vehicle to bring the visitor
into contact with the divine
that Divine glow of Byzantine mosaics is
what makes them so awe-inspiring
and the Mystery material that gives them
that glow is what will help in the
search for Haya Sofia's hidden mosaics
Luciano not turning and Gabrielle War
are using the same materials to make
mosaics today
they begin with glass discs carefully
breaking them into smaller pieces until
they become tiny cubes called tessery
no tourney places each tessera piece by
piece into a design she's drawn on the
mortar and carefully angles them to
reflect the light
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It is believed that especially in the
Byzantine mosaics the positioning of the
tessery was directly connected to where
the light was coming from so where the
windows where where the main light
sources were
and to make that light Shimmer they add
something else to the mix it has a thin
layer of gold leaf
and the fact that it does have golden it
makes it very reflective and very
luminescent
the gold tessery give the Byzantine
mosaics a Heavenly glow
because gold is metal it may be the key
to rediscovering the Lost mosaics in
Haya Sophia
that design is made by Metric Teslas so
we believe we hope to find mosaics by
our instruments
talking is always scanner sends
electromagnetic signals below the
surface of the plaster
if the waves strike a buried metal
tessera they are reflected back creating
an image of the inside of the wall
with this a scanning line five times and
this green zone that's made of metals
we can see here
Design This is truly made by mang Hong
the scanner is working
it has detected a mosaic Circle beneath
the plaster
but takanazawa isn't searching just for
circles
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or image of the Christ
[Music]
the walls of Haya Sophia are hiding more
than mosaics
they also hold secrets to its seismic
strength
high above the streets of Istanbul a
team is repairing a wall as part of Haya
Sophia's ongoing restoration
sonai shakar is the lead architect
s
what we are doing is
assessment from surface use the they'll
repair the layer of bricks we've
uncovered
her team must replace crumbling cement
from a restoration in the 1950s
she's using a more resilient mortar one
formulated from the original recipe
Limestone sand water and a secret
ingredient ground up bricks
it turns out the best way to preserve
Haya Sofia for the future is to use
materials from the
pasta is certainly more flexible than
modern mortar so it adapts to the
structural deformations caused by
earthquakes
the flexibility of the mortar is crucial
but so is how it's applied
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differs from other structures because
the layer of mortar is thicker than the
bricks
modern brick buildings have thin layers
of mortar but higher Sophia's layers are
so thick they act like cushioning
higher Sophia's bricks also play a role
in earthquake protection
here is an original brick from Aya Sofia
and here is a modern
as you can see the original brick is
significantly lighter than the modern
brick which turns out to be very
important if you make the weight light
then the building can Sway With the
earthquakes like a tree in the Wind
flexible but strong
fifteen hundred years ago other
Architects built heavy and massive to
protect against Earthquakes
[Music]
the Greek Architects did the opposite
they built light and flexible the
principle of modern seismic engineering
[Music]
but will this world treasure survive
into the future
and her team are building a model of
Haya Sophia's core structure to
investigate
their Arch problems solved they move on
to their next challenge the semi-domes
they create a mortar that mimics the
materials of the real semi-domes
and spread it over a wooden mold
we have worked on paper for a long time
on how to get it right how to make it
and then what would be the thickness
what would be the material
after the mortar dries they remove the
wooden mold
and
as they take off the mold
suddenly
appears at the top
cracks at this stage mean the semi-dome
is clearly too weak for the shake table
test
foreign
[Music]
they break apart the semi-dome to get a
closer look at the mortar
s
we have four centimeter coming from that
side and for somebody coming from just
that but the failure part was too thin
it is almost a half centimeter
a problem with the way the mortar was
applied caused the top of the semi-dome
to be much thinner than planned
some shrinkage occurs after drying of
the mortar
we may consider to introduce some
elements to the mortar so that its
strength properties will improve
the team must rebuild the semi-dome
and they'll need to come up with a
better method for building the final
piece of their model the large Central
Dome
and that will take some time
for hidden Byzantine mosaics hitoshi
takanazawa is heading to the uppermost
level of Haya Sophia a thin ledge that
runs beneath the main arches
the building is so huge he must narrow
down his search
it's very difficult to decide where we
do the research because this space it's
a very enormous size so I have to guess
literally this part was decorated this
figure of the Saints or Archbishop like
there
because these niches on the Northern
wall are filled with Mosaic figures
takanizawa believes the Southern Wall
may have been too
but have the Mosaic survived
to find out they run the electromagnetic
scanner along the wall
we found a strong reflection under the
plaster so we suppose it should be the
remains of the mosaics it is a
70 percent confidence
the team takes a closer look at the scan
they find metal behind the plaster but
not the gold takanazawa is hoping for
the only horizontal lines
it was seen it is not a mosaic but
rather a metal structural support
talking is always guess is wrong no
mosaics have survived in this niche
the challenge is that his scanner
measures about two feet at a time and
higher Sophia's surface area is over 200
000 square feet
to narrow down his search takanazawa has
come to bellinsona Switzerland to
explore the state archives
inside archivist Carlo aliati shows him
an astonishing record of Haya Sophia's
Byzantine mosaics
in 1847 the sultan entrusted the
architect gaspari fosati with the task
of restoring the mosque of Hagia Sophia
these drawings were made by the fosati
brothers Swiss Architects were hired to
renovate the Aging building which was
then a mosque in the 1840s
the fosatis began stripping plaster from
the walls and were astonished by what
they found
Discovery during the restoration hidden
under the plaster was definitely least
extraordinary Byzantine mosaics
[Music]
they quickly documented every image
before covering them with plaster once
again
[Music]
while some of the mosaics recorded in
the drawings had been uncovered
others have never been found
[Music]
one in particular catches takanazawa's
eye
is
[Music]
but the exact location is still the
subject of Tibet
the sketch depicts Christ framed by a
cross in a circle
near Haya Sophia the Church of Cora
contains a strikingly similar image
found in the crown of a dome
[Music]
takanizawa believes the fosati sketch
depicts a similar Mosaic in a dome in
Haya Sofia
and he has a hunch where to find it
a very plausible hypothesis is that
there is a large depiction of the face
of Jesus Christ at the top of Haya
Sofia's immense Dome
but there's a problem
currently it's covered by plaster and by
quranic verses
but one day with our scanner we would
like to discover this image
this is my dream
[Music]
it's a dream takanazawa could realize
because as part of Haya Sophia's ongoing
restoration this this enormous scaffold
is about to reach the Dome
but if takanazawa does find Christ
beneath the quranic verse
what should be shown
it's a question at the heart of Haya
Sophia's identity
question with a long history
religiously it was a Greek Orthodox
church and during The Fourth Crusade it
was taken over became a Catholic Church
when the Muslims came they made it into
a mosque
finally it became a museum which we
thought was the solution to the problem
but unfortunately the Greeks would like
to make it back into a church and the
Muslims would like to make it back into
a mosque and the conflict controversy
continues
but whether Haya Sophia remains a museum
or is converted back to a church or
mosque could prove irrelevant if there
is an earthquake
the more pressing question is will it be
converted into a pile of rubble
Esser charti hopes the shake table test
will provide some answers
the semi-domes are carefully rebuilt
from mortar
but mortar will be too fragile for the
main dome which like the real thing will
be built from brick we came to the
conclusion that having a brick Dom is
much easier to construct and it's more
realistic
so don't wise I'm confident with what
will happen
with respect to the semi-doms there I
have doubts because it's much more
fragile
before the test the seven ton model must
first survive the move to the shake tape
[Music]
largest model ever to be made in our lab
we need to be very careful that to a
lift up everything should be perfectly
horizontal
otherwise we may damage the model
[Applause]
the model is so heavy it bends the steel
plate that supports it which puts
pressure on the structure
it settles onto the shake table
but has it suffered any damage
as the wooden molds Come Away Chuck day
looks for cracks
oh
if the model breaks at this stage they
will be unable to perform the earthquake
test
months of work will have been for
nothing
okay
there is some yeah
we have observed some cracks on the
semitones
but we don't see them from outside these
are just interior cracks
tracty believes the cracks do not
compromise the structural Integrity of
the model
so the team moves on installing motion
sensors in similar locations as the
sensors in the real Haya Sophia we'll be
able to compare vibrations that we
record during the shake table test with
those obtained from the real structure
the model is a scaled down version of
Haya Sophia's core structure
the main Dome
four great arches
four buttress piers and the two
semi-domes
but will the model move on the shake
table in a similar way as the real
building moves in an earthquake
astonishingly overnight the sensors get
an unexpected trial run
a real earthquake
it's about 4 AM we had an earthquake
near Istanbul its magnitude was 3.6 so
by pure chance we have now recordings of
that earthquake recorded on the model
and we have the same earthquake recorded
by our instruments inaya Sofia the
parallel recordings verify that the
sensors on the model and in the real
building are reacting in a similar way
now it's time to see how the model will
react to a more powerful quote
they calibrate the shake table to
simulate the impact of the devastating
99 earthquake magnitude 7.4
the duration of the test is scaled down
to match the size of the model about
three seconds
the sensors capture every twist and turn
the model seems to have taken the impact
without damage
anyone really
really stand up to an even stronger
earthquake
to find out the team must push the power
of the shake table beyond anything
they've tried before
the simulated Quake is measured in G's
its gravitational force we are
increasing the amplitude
it will go for 2.4
they hit the model with a simulated
earthquake stronger than any in
Istanbul's recorded history
X Out the damn
I see one new crack in this Arch
but surprisingly there is nothing new
with the semi-doms we were afraid about
them but they are as they have been
before
the higher Sophia model has survived two
enormous earthquakes in quick succession
with minimal damage
but the team isn't done yet
we have passed the known capacity of our
Shake table and then it appears the
mechanics have allowed us to go further
cable pushed the
National lapse
they hit it with everything they've got
thank you
[Applause]
foreign
at this stage the model has been hit by
the equivalent of a major earthquake
every day for a week
and although it Teeters on the edge of
collapse it still stands there are two
vulnerable Parts the semidomes and then
the Arches it is just the matter of time
to see which one will go first
one's eyes on the semi-dome
[Music]
[Applause]
the great Dome comes Crashing Down
thank you
I'm a little bit surprised now
because I would have expected the main
Arch to go and then instead of the main
arches
the main Dome went
the slow motion replay reveals that the
semi-domes separated from the structure
and with the main arches damaged support
for the Dome was severely compromised
compromised
[Music]
my masterpiece is collapsed now but for
a scientific
observation I can accept it
[Music]
to its 10
same time being
analysis and interpretation this is at
the bright range but it needs to be done
[Music]
it's too early to draw any firm
conclusions
but the model going 15 rounds against
the most powerful simulated earthquakes
the shake table could produce explains
Haya Sophia's supposedly miraculous
survival
if there's a miracle it is in its design
it was contracted to survive
the balances between its structural
elements appear to create a dance
the dorms are just semi-doms but
research they behave in harmony
though the model lies in Ruins chakti
believes the data captured in this
experiment will provide new insights
into higher Sophia's structural strength
and how it can be preserved for the
future
scientists have spent decades trying to
analyze the structural system of Hagia
Sophia
[Music]
Sofia today you don't see structure
we're not meant to understand how the
great Dome is supported
we see only the weightless quality of
the building that was what was most
important we understand the interior of
the building as an experience that's
completely different from anything else
on Earth
after nearly 1500 years Haya Sophia
continues to astonish Modern Builders
with its ancient secrets of seismic
engineering
and for its resilience not only as a
structure but also as a symbol of the
great civilizations that have adopted it
[Music]
we don't think of Aya Sofia based on the
meanings other people assigned to it
isof has an identity of its own
[Music]
it is a special building our goal is to
pass it down to the next Generations
Haya Sophia will have to endure many
more shifts in the ground that Lies
Beneath it
and the cultures to which it is
entrusted
hopefully its Majestic Beauty and
Innovative design will inspire people of
all religions and cultures
detected for generations to come
[Music]
thank you
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foreign
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[Applause]
[Music]
foreign