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IfO6k2fLmgw • What are UFOs? | Full Documentary | NOVA | PBS
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Kind: captions Language: en [Music] it's [Music] rotating disturbing videos of UFOs have been taken by some of the best trained pilots on the planet we actually have military pilots who are saying I saw something that I don't understand unknown and Fe unknown we don't know what they actually saw we only have their interpretation of it so this is the helmet that I was wearing it would be really irresponsible to suggest that all of these things are of the same origin that they're of the same technology that they're of the same phenomenon we can't say it's aliens but we can't say it's not aliens people in New Jersey are concerned and what about the explosion of news reports of strange objects flying over New Jersey upwards of 49 plus drone seds as scientists we also want to get to the bottom of this there's an aircraft there we go what are UFOs right now on [Music] Nova as an American based supplier to the construction industry carile is committed to developing a diverse workplace that supports our employees advancement into the next generation of leaders from the manufacturing floor to the front office learn more at [Music] car.com in the halls of Congress Navy Pilots are speaking out this object remained for about 45 seconds or so before darting off over the mountains we were seeing objects with our Radars with our cameras and even with our eyes flying on an almost daily basis we're very sensitive to how things turn and how things accelerate and how things move and this didn't follow any of those laws of physics as of 20123 military and commercial pilots have reported seeing 801 objects they couldn't identify when we're talking about having an unidentified thing in our airspace whether it's directly overhead or in our Coastal Waters we need to figure out is this an issue of flight safety is this an issue of National Security is this an adversary spying on us or could it be top secret Tech developed right here at home I can tell you unequivocally that the government does keep secrets when it comes to Aerospace technology the Pentagon has what we often call a black budget which can sometimes exceed 65 billion in a year even within the military there's never been a consensus really that it's this or that or that it's not extraterrestrial we cannot rule out extraterrestrials but you have no evidence for it it comes back to the evidence regular citizens have been reporting things for decades and yet we hear nothing from the government about what this may be and now that we have more observations more cameras more cell phones that are taking pictures of phenomenon in our atmosphere scientists need to come forward and talk about how we can identify these objects in science we encounter anomalies all the time and it's our job to try to figure out what those anomalies are telling us about the universe [Music] this isn't the first time unidentified flying objects have captured our imagination and startled the world it was back in the 1940s that sightings started piling up June 24th 1947 as he flew near Mount reneer in Washington state pilot Kenneth Arnold spotted something strange as he was flying around he said he saw these objects glinting off of the sun because they mve like they were skipping off of water the term Flying Saucer came about at the time there were other people having sightings but this is the one that just really kind of ignite this interest in the public about UFOs from New York to California people started to report seeing flying saucers just about everywhere sightings were spreading like wildfire culture informs our understanding of the world around us if you expect to see a UFO that looks like a pyen well when you see something unusual in the sky that you have trouble Discerning what it was your brain may be more apt to say that look like a pyen it may seem strange that in the 1940s and 50s so many Americans were were suddenly spotting objects in the sky but with the Cold War in full swing it was a time of heightened anxiety and worry about new threats overhead this was a time period in which there was a lot of military technology Development coming out of World War II we have developed radar this was the first major war where air power was a huge player and there was a lot of unknown Tech emerging all of these things kind of came together and then of course you had the Roswell incident Roswell New Mexico a Rancher came across another piece of the Flying Saucer puzzle essentially this ranchan comes in says I found this material they send a couple Air Force people from Roswell Army Airfield out to take a look one of them says hey I think this stuff was weird they take the material to Fort Worth Fort wor says it was obviously a weather balloon story's over but the public wasn't buying it and Hollywood saw an opportunity to run with a captivating Story aliens sometimes friendly and sometimes not were visiting planet Earth the lack of Answers by the government did leave a void and Hollywood and and entertainment certainly filled that void Earth versus the flying [Music] saucers and we were left with a wide assortment of scenarios imagining contact with aliens with saucers or aliens on the moon or Mars or alien invasions that are quite dramatic what are they where do they come from certainly this can uh instill a lot of fear in people in the absence of scientists or other authoritative voices filling the Gap and and explaining what's going on all we heard from the authorities was there's nothing to see here but behind the scenes the military was investigating probably the most significant historical investigation of UFOs by the government was Project Blue Book it investigated thousands and thousands of UFO sightings for more than 20 years military investigators and scientists scrutinized the data looking for answers what are all these objects do any of them present a clear and present danger scientists like astronomer Jay Allen heinik were brought in to help the Air Force connect the dots Dr J Allen heinik was the consultant for the Air Force from 1947 all the way to 1969 the entire time they were investigating this topic he was a skeptic himself because of that early association with aliens and Little Green Men so when they approached him he's like I'll do this but I'm going to easily be able to debunk this in no time because this is just silliness Project Blue Book ended in 1969 when the Air Force released the Condon report after investigating more than 12,000 UFO sightings 701 remained unidentified when you've not explained that much of your data as a scientist that's not acceptable and it wasn't acceptable for heinik he' had a change of heart that would last a lifetime he started to see that there was Data there that indicates that not all of these are easily solvable and that they do deserve investigation but he would stay away from the alien side of things he would try to focus on you know this is a mystery we don't understand but it it's just too difficult to do because the media and the public just can't disassociate those things the aliens in the UFOs this created an environment that scientists and any serious person did not want to go near it so aliens were right in there with ghosts the loch nest monster bigfoot it was all part of this the unknown spooky stuff that probably ain't true because of this stigma today the Department of Defense refers to these unidentified flying objects UFOs as uaps unidentified anomalous phenomena they changed it from UFO to UAP to try to reduce that stigma to try to get away from that history that historical trigger that happens in our brains the word UFO unfortunately has become a taboo word within the scientific Community it's actually been a diss surface to our community and our society for not trying to teach and communicate about what actually is in the night sky there's no shortage of things in the night sky that can seem strange some are natural like the colors of the Northern Lights the beauty of a meteor shower planet Venus in the night sky even clouds that form strange saucer-like shapes and plenty that are not so natural wonders right now above my head are planes you can hear helicopter flying over there's probably some drones up there too and if you're in the right place at the right time you can probably even see some satellites up there cuz there's a lot of stuff out there that might not be as strange as you think it is so weird that's not a plane the number of things that are in our sky today are thousands oh my God now it's not moving at all it's hovering right there we have weather balloons 1,800 of them are launched daily around the world you can actually see things in Earth's orbit from the ground you can see for instance the International Space Station at night flying overhead and if you see a cluster of Lights traveling across the night sky they're probably part of a satellite system called starlink when starlink launches a 60 satellite string people look at that and go I don't know what that is and it looks very weird and concerning technology I think has created much more clutter in the sky and an ability for us to misinterpret things there's a lot in our sky and in for studying UFOs of course you have to know what's in the sky that is known before you can identify what's unknown that's especially difficult when it comes to some of the strangest sightings ever made those videos taken by Navy Pilots one of the most famous is nicknamed the gimbal we recorded the gimbal object when we were down off the coast of Jacksonville Florida aboard the USS Theodore Roosevelt in 2015 former fa18 pilot Ryan graves will never forget what some pilots in his Squadron told him about their bizarre UAP experience the event unfolded during a night training Mission drone bro they see something strange they've been closing on it for a couple minutes as they fly towards it to better understand it it has to be a drone that's the logical thing no one's out there saying it's UFOs or aliens or whatever it's just an unknown thing and what is it while their camera only captures the image of one object their radar tells a more complex story there's a whole Fleet of them look on the sa my gosh as they gather more information and they see a a whole Fleet of them on their radar um it's harder to understand what they're seeing and you can hear that in their voices they're all going against the wind the wind's 120 mes the West dude then the object does something downright bizarre well if there's it's rotating you see the object appears to rotate then the video uh cuts out at that point you know so I don't know what the gimbal is we still don't know what it is there's no doubt many of the recordings of UFOs made by Navy Pilots look very strange to try to DEC code them it's crucial to understand the kinds of sensors and cameras being used so the vast majority of the evidence that's excited the public imagination about these videos comes in the form of infrared imagery imagery taken with an onboard infrared camera system called at Fleer Sean Kirkpatrick former director of the government's Department in charge of investigating uaps what is it reflecting and engineer Josh seer explore how the world looks in infrared light with the help of tadine engineer DaNell Lago so what you have here is you got the visible on this side here it's a 4K visible image and then the thermal on this side on the right side of the screen the camera is capturing visible light light the human eye can see but on the left side the Boston skyline looks radically different because this is a thermal image taken with an infrared camera that detects variations in temperature the cars on the bridge are emitting more heat than the background the more heat an object emits The Wider it appears the less the darker it gets and can you switch that yes we can invert it we can make everything that's black hot and everything that's white cold and that's exactly what we see our Pilots doing Pilots when they see things they will toggle back and forth so that they can try to get the best contrast to try to figure out what they're looking at and going so why don't we try and see if we can see any aircraft even on a hazy day like this there's an aircraft there we go it doesn't take long to spot one there is an aircraft that you can't tell in the infrared is an aircraft but in the visible I sure can y exactly right and now we don't we switch it to uh black is Hut play the same game yeah play the same game and see what it looks like AE there's a plane there's a plane there's a plane there you go I saw this just Little Dot tripping through the field and I was only looking at the infrared camera and Sean who was watching the visual camera next door said there's an airplane and I looked over and this enormous aircraft was moving through the scene it's just a blob it's a little blob so that was an image of the engine yeah yeah that's basically all you saw you didn't see the rest of the fuselage the world looks very different in the infrared versus the visible exploring the deceptive nature of infrared light provides scientists with valuable Clues to why a plane could take on an otherworldly shape but it doesn't explain why the gimbal seems to move in ways that defy physics the gimbal video is one of the most famous UFO videos and with good reason I think cuz it looks like a flying saucer UFO investigator and conspiracy debunker Mick West spent years analyzing the gimbal video frame by frame clue by clue the the interesting thing about the gimbal video besides it being a flying sorcerer is this rotation it does and this was very puzzling it took a long time to figure out what might be going on there Mick brings a unique set of skills to this challenge I used to program video games many years ago I really enjoyed the process of solving puzzles and I use my 3D geometry and trigonometry and algebra and all the skills that I use in games programming to analyze the UFOs Mick starts his investigation of the gimbal by combing through publicly available information the plane that captured the gimbal video is an fa18 equipped with an infrared camera mounted beneath the wing in a targeting pod next he builds a simulation of the plane and the camera which is on a device called a gimbal the gimbal enables the camera to rotate as it tracks a Target but the camera isn't the only thing in motion the Pilot's display reveals that the object is also moving from the left side of the plane to the right to track something going from left to right which is what we're seeing here the camera actually has to rotate and it has to rotate a specific amount as it traverses over from one side to the other using the simulation he's created Mick makes a surprising discovery the amount that gimbal rotates and the time it rotates is exactly what would be needed for the camera to track this object he's come up with a theory about why the object appears to rotate and sets up an experiment to demonstrate how it works using his cell phone and his desk lamp take your cell phone and point the camera at a a bright light a single light and then rotate your cell phone so you've got a rotating camera but nothing is rotating except the artifacts of the camera so if you have a glare like an artifact of the camera when the camera rotates the scene itself doesn't rotate but the glare rotates and I think that's what we're seeing in the gimbal video it's possibly something like a dist on plane something that's hot off in the distance the heat of the engine was kind of pointing towards the camera and that kind of bloomed in the camera created this glare that was so big it obscured the entire plane but not everyone agrees with this Theory I want to be clear that that's entirely possible but I personally don't find that particularly likely the reason for that is strictly this Fleer system is something that military personnel are trained to use to identify adversary and friendly aircraft Pilots are well aware of how the gimbal system works as well as the nature of common camera artifacts like glare I don't think this was a distant plane I do believe it was an object that was about 4 to 6 miles away from the fighter aircraft not a distant jet at 30 nautical miles away if it was a distant jet where would it come from why were we not receiving any indications that it was or was not part of our strike group in 2021 the Department of Defense formed Arrow the all domain anomaly resolution office to investigate uaps like the gimbal to date Arrow considers this case unresolved so for us anything that remains unidentified is a severe threat that we should be paying attention to as tactical aviators because that's exactly what we're training to identify the gimbal isn't the only UAP that appears to defy the laws of physics 2013 just after dark at the airport in agadia Puerto Rico US Customs and Border control captured this video of an oddly behaving object it looks like the object is traveling quickly it looks like it's disappearing into the water and coming out of the water disappearing again coming out and splitting into two and kind of Disappearing completely enthusiasts will point to that and say that is evidence of warp drives or interdimensional drives and that it's transm medium because it's going in and out of the water what do we see but could there be another reason that's more down to earth so let's do this as a controlled experiment engineer Josh Seer enlists the help of Shan Kirkpatrick former director of Arrow to cook up an idea can they recreate this dis appearing act in the lab sounds like with a knife Spoon and Fork well we already did that what do you see and two surrogate UFOs what I thought we'd try to use to do this is a infrared sensor uh it just Clips on uh like so they set it up on a tripod take a look and see absolutely nothing we're not seeing anything at all in these objects sea takes the spoon and fork along with one of the UAP surrogates and puts them in a cooler for just about what do you think Josh second 10 seconds yeah it doesn't take long uh I'd say 10 seconds it's more than enough about 10 seconds later give or take all right let's take them out and see what they look like that right back where they were and what do we got well there's three objects there wow that's pretty Stark we can see the fork and spoon along with one of the UFO surrogates and I don't see the other two cannot find the other two but they are clearly there but over the next few minutes they gradually disappear again the question is why there is a tendency for objects that are at different temperatures when they're in contact to eventually reach the same temperature as one another it's not a magic trick for an object to show up in infrared light it must be a different temperature than objects it is in contact with so when the fork and spoon exchanged thermal energy with the table thermal equilibrium is reached making them invisible in infrared light and that brings us back to the disappearing objects in the Puerto Rico video which were also captured with an infrared sensor as the object becomes the same either temperature or a Radiance as the background you won't be able to see it it'll become nearly invisible and it looks like it disappears after months of carefully analyzing the video scientists think they have an answer we think they're two birds then when they get close to the water the effect on the sensor kicks in where it's having a hard time distinguishing the contrast between the background and the birds and they look like they disappear and then they reappear because the reflectance changes and then they separate and then it looks like they land in the water this demo doesn't capture all the conditions of this sighting but Shawn and Josh believed that shifts in temperature and reflection might explain the apparent disappearing act I am satisfied with that explanation because that's how a scientist speaks with respect to some phenomenal that's not known we don't speak in certainty so for instance if one were to say that is either two birds flying over the ocean or it is a alien anti-gravity technology exhibiting trans medium characteristics I choose the bird explanation the sighting in Puerto Rico might simply be two birds and the gimbal video might be a distant plane but one of the most famous UFO sightings has been even more challenging for investigators I was an eyewitness to what is considered one of the most important UFO or UAP encounters and that's the uh USS Nimitz tictac encounter November 14th 2004 about 100 miles Southwest of San Diego Alex Dietrich then a young Aviator in training along with her commanding officer David fraver a seasoned pilot with more than a decade of flying under his belt set out on a routine training exercise it was clear blue skies calm Waters when we get a call by this controller kind of like an air traffic controller for our military exercise and they say hey we need you to go check out this contact over here the radar on one of the ships in the strike group had detected an unknown object and this is 2004 just a few years after 911 the hair on the back of our neck stands up and we go hm okay and we divert and we head towards it and we don't see anything initially but somebody sees a disturbance in the water and this strange thing is flying very fast but erratically over the this area of water it was off-white you know sort of a white creamish color we didn't see a cockpit we didn't see windows and it moved in ways that we didn't understand Dietrich and fraver returned to the nimts without taking video of the object so another aircraft went in Pursuit and captured this we call it affectionately a Tic Tac because it looks like the little breath mint Mick West decides to take on the challenge to see if he can make sense of the movement of the Tic Tac it's a very blurry video I think he's actually out of focus and it's not actually doing anything it's just basically flying away and a bit to the left and more or less a straightish line but the thing is David fr's description is very dramatic in fact when Commander David fraver testified before Congress in 2023 he described an object that in his 18 years of flying traveled at speeds he'd never seen before as we looked around he saw a white Tic Tac object with a longitudinal axis pointing North South and moving very abruptly over the water like a pingpong ball he talks about the object kind of ping ponging around close to the ocean and then doing this very difficult synchronized movement up towards the top I'm going to tie it off over here Mick conducts an experiment based solely on the Pilot's eyewitness reports using his backyard swimming pool and his version of the Tic Tac yeah I made the Tic Tac out of a piece of wood and some bits of white wire and painted it white he suspends his Tic Tac over the swimming pool about there climbs up a ladder with his phone and starts recording so what I set up with the pool demo is just a good illustration of what might have happened to try to figure out what's actually moving here is this object moving or is the camera moving because we don't have um any frame of reference we've just got the pool behind us you kind zoom in a little bit so all you see is the pool it really looks like the object is moving even though it's not it's only the camera that's moving it's a good illustration of Parallax which as we know is one of the big causes of optical illusions you may have experienced this illusion I usion looking out the window of a train the trees just outside the window appear to be moving in relation to the landscape in the background but the only thing that's actually moving is you we're not reliable our eyes are not reliable if you're going to court and you're the accused and it's a eyewitness testimony that's going to you know the big evidence against you good luck so when a military Aviator especially someone like Commander fraver with combat experience says that they saw something in the sky that they can't quite explain that operated in a way that seemed to contradict what they understand the laws of physics would dictate I tend to give those witness testimonies a great deal of credence because these aviators are not just highly trained pilots they're highly trained combatants the pilot observation is I see something the data we need is what the sensor is gathering and that's the numbers we actually need in the case of the Tic Tac the pilot did see something but some of the key technical questions hadn't been investigated at the time and trying to investigate those now is not going to give us a whole lot because there's nothing to really examine the farther back in time you go the less data there is for every one of these cases and back in 2004 there was no data retention policy for these kinds of events according to Shan Kirkpatrick the radar data from the incident no longer exists so we'll never know if it would support or rule out mix Parallax Theory I don't know what we saw and I refus to speculate because I think it would be irresponsible of me to say you know well was definitely an adversary spying on us or it was definitely an alien visiting from outer space uh because I don't know for Alex that was the end of the Tic Tac story and then I went on with my life my career and I didn't really think about it that is until 13 years later when the New York Times published this article with links to the Tic Tac and gimbal videos when the New York Times released this story it really gave the whole topic a bit of credibility where a lot of people saw it as taboo and sort of silly but if the US government has been investing tens of millions of dollars into investigating these reports there seems like there could be something to it people are interested in this topic of UFOs and Congress has begun to get involved there's been a couple of Congressional hearings calling expert witnesses to try and figure out what's going on here in your belief is this this flying Tic Tac I mean is this is it capable of being the product of any other Nation on the earth no I actually I think it defies current Material Science and the ability to develop that much propulsion and I I know there's been some physicist of calculations which is beyond anything that we have should we be concerned that some UFOs are Advanced Technologies from out of this world or secret Technologies developed by our adversaries or could there be another reason UFOs have remained so elusive for decades remember back in 1947 in Roswell New Mexico when a Rancher found strange debris in his pasture the Air Force said it was from a weather balloon but as it turns out it was part of a classified US military program called PR Mogul the Air Force launched these balloons and they had these sensors on them where they can measure vibrations in the air to be able to monitor Russian nuclear testing the General in Fort Worth Texas decided I'm going to cover up this classified project and I'm going to show the public that what we recovered was a weather balloon it would take half a century for the Air Force to admit exactly what had crashed in Roswell so there was a cover up but it was a cover up of a classified project not you know an alien spacecraft the secrecy led to the conspiracy and certainly the Air Force did not help themselves by being secret and dismissive of the topic when it comes to government coverups perhaps the most infamous is Area 51 Tales of alien spacecraft hidden inside this remote Air Force Base about 83 Mi Northwest of Las Vegas have persisted for decades it turns out the military has been secretly developing cuttingedge technology here since the 1950s but did not even acknowledge the existence of the base until 2013 there are lots of aircraft we know have been tested at Area 51 entirely in secret at the time including the f117 the SR71 the B2 spirit and many more right around the same time that B2 Spirit was in development common sightings of UFOs around the United States tended to transition away from the pie saucer shape we were familiar with in earlier decades and toward a more triangular shape this is a model of what people claim was the tr3b which is a legendary aircraft that people allege was built using reverse engineered alien technology by the 1990s rumors of triangular-shaped spacecraft became so widespread they became part of popular culture Blockbusters like the xfiles featured a triangular-shaped alien spacecraft hovering over Agent Fox molders head I think the government should and does expect that the public is going to fill in the blanks as they see fit as long as people are talking about aliens operating out of Area 51 well then they're not revealing anything about the legitimate military platforms that are being tested there it creates a bit of a smoke screen there's always Advanced technological programs going on that are on a need to no basis if you don't need to know even if you are a member of the government or the military you're not going to know and that's the way it should be this is all about spy versus spy or military versus military to maintain technical superiority we don't want other people to learn what we're building where we might employ it because then they can defeat it there are reasons to do that none of it is alien none of it I think we're in an era where conspiracy theories are popular is this another one when it comes to sightings by military pilots and the public how can science help separate unfounded conspiracy theories from reality fact from fiction from the very days that Galileo first lifted his telescope to the sky and made measurements of the moons going around Jupiter everybody else could then reproduce those measurements and go oh yeah he's right and that confirmation is what has made the scientific method so powerful over the last 400 years the thing we need is data and we need real data and we don't have it we at Nasa are a in 2022 NASA brought together a group of experts to explore ways to collect that data NASA should lead the scientific discourse we need to elevate this conversation the NASA UAP panel was formed to bring that sence perspective into this that analysis has not been done a lot of people argue uh that we have data but the vast majority of that data is anecdotal and that's just not going to cut it the panel recommended several ways to collect more data including repurposing existing technology like the National Weather Services radar system called Nexrad radar stations that are found throughout the US so those same sensors should be able able to see if an object comes whizzing through at an extraordinary velocity it should be able to pick out that type of thing that's just one example of the type of networks that we could repurpose for UAP research astronomer AI lobe is taking a different approach collecting more data in a novel way we just constructed an observatory at Harvard University we are monitoring objects that fly overhead and trying to make sense with them this collection of instruments is part of Harvard's Galileo project the Galileo project is developing several sites that are spread across a geographical region where each site has an array of sensors Optical cameras infrared images there's audio from infrasound to Ultrasound there's radar it's a wide array of instrument to basically look at the sky all the time to to see if you find any anomalies some instruments have otherworldly names like this one called doll after the cyborg aliens featured in the do Who series inside doll there are eight infrared cameras behind the window there is a camera they overlap and so they get a full picture of of the entire sky at all times in the infrared when something of interest is identified by the main set of cameras we zoom on it in the sky and this is the camera that can move around and look at the object of Interest automatically based on the computer system that we develop you can imagine if you have a camera pointing overhead you're going to see a lot of things that are identifiable so they use machine learning what people call artificial intelligence that can recognize the knowes recognize the birds the airplanes the balloons leaves all the known things and sort of reject those filter them out and then what you're left with is the anomalies you're left with things that you cannot understand the things you can't identify and as we speak right now we are being recorded so far we have been operating this Observatory for several months and we saw hundreds of thousands of objects in the sky none of them appears to be anomalous but even if one in a million came from outside of this Earth that would be big news to humanity and will change our future and that's what drives my science one way or another the more data were able to bring into this conversation the more we're going to be able to get to the truth Ryan Graves is trying to collect data from a different Source his fellow Pilots Military and Commercial but there's a problem they're hesitant to share their experiences because of the taboo surrounding UFOs they don't feel comfortable reporting because of that fear that there could be professional repercussions at their employer social repercussions with their peers at the airline because the conversation immediately jumps to well there's no proof there's actually terestrial you couldn't travel across the universe to get here and it's like whoa whoa whoa Pilots are seeing things that are in the sky that they don't understand what they are and are posing safety risk that's where the conversation needs to stop and hey is this not only an aviation safety risk but is this a potential National Security risk so I was asking Pilots whether they have encountered the uip and uh they were very Cy about it a ation and space psychologist IA Whitley is working with Ryan conducting research to find out if this reluctance to talk about UAP sightings also impacts a pilot's ability to focus on the job creating a safety issue when the pilot seeing something I want to make sure that they're comfortable speaking about it because it then occupies their capacity and focus and attention and takes them away from actually flying if you're trying to ignore something on unidentified in a distance your mind is still thinking I'm not thinking about it I'm not thinking about it I'm not thinking about it I'm not thinking about it and now they don't see what they need to be seeing you were just asking about uh U visual views yes and what attracts your attention movement is what attracts your attention commercial pilots have been seeing objects that have been causing them some serious consternation I don't think anyone would like their Pilot Flying their aircraft to have an exential crisis as they're flying their aircraft um and coming in for a landing the more cases we can explain the less distraction there's going to be and if there is actually any real threat or any real issue out there then we can focus in on that without all this extra noise and there's another way we can collect more data With a Little Help from the public it would seem like they're going sideways in the Lower East Side of Manhattan at Enigma Labs a staff of soft designers and UFO enthusiasts are developing a first ofit kind crowd sourcing app the goal is really to bring people together to share their uip experiences and their sightings you know if people don't have a place to talk about this or report what they're seeing I think they can feel really lonely and and feel very isolated when in reality this is a huge community of people who should be able to come somewhere and talk about what they're seeing so we're collecting sighting reports we get a lot of starlink and SpaceX rocket videos but at the same time people are submitting things that cannot be explained this time I've got one that I can't figure out maybe you can help me out this is really cool just this light comes floating in and then it hover but wait why why does this came slowly right yeah those are fireworks Isaac right those are probably fireworks probably smoke rising up and smoke rising up mhm but in just a second it will get weirder what isn't that weird brighter it's get brighter yeah it keeps getting brighter and it's a broad beam of light so it's not a star so what do you think about maybe drone but I mean look how still it is it doesn't have blinking lights I mean it doesn't look like a drone so let's fast forward a little ohing rising up yeah so it kind of gets the camera's not M it rises up back this is a good one I don't know I don't know what that is apps like this provide the public with a place to share their sightings but could one day be a source of data for scientists to study we're not relying just on did you see something we're asking your cell phone to make a measurement it's going to record the position of the phone on the planet because we all have GPS's in it and because it has little compass in it it will also tell us what direction we're looking at so we can actually do scientific experiments with actual data because our modern cell phones are so good now at recording numbers the more data the better the more sightings the more eyes we get on on something that's truly anomalous the closer we get to maybe answering that question what is it Alex Dietrich has learned from firsthand experience that for many people data alone is not enough the topic is so charged because there are so many conspiracies and it's such a um you know it does something to people's brains when you say UFO at the University of Colorado Boulder Alex is trying to change that so this is the helmet that I was wearing uh you're welcome to try to put using her experience as a way to teach students how to separate fact from fiction what is it about UFOs what do we know and how do we know it what I find is that some of my students have been going down those Reddit thread rabbit holes working themselves up into a lather with salacious headlines for content and clickbait if you're reading an article about UFOs what do we look for when we are looking at our sources I hope they will be more Discerning when they consume media going forward that they will question where the information that they're getting comes from because I want to advocate for us to all take a deep breath and to come to this subject with a lens of critical thinking critical thinking people let's all let's all apply critical thinking and that brings us back to the million questions could this be extraterrestrial technology what would it take for a spacecraft to come from a distant World a very important question that we need to be asking today when investigating UAP is whether or not even if there are Advanced alien civilizations out there if they have the means to actually reach us 3 2 1 consider this one of the fastest spacecrafts ever launched NASA's New Horizons took 9 years and 5 months to reach Pluto 3 billion miles away getting to the closest star system with a planet that might Harbor life would take that tiny spacecraft a whopping 880,000 years the universe is so unfathomably large there's 100 billion stars in our Milky Way and there's a hundred billion galaxies in the observable universe that's 10 to the 22 one with 22 zeros on it with a number of stars and the distances between stars is incredibly vast I have not seen any evidence that we have been visited I think it's still worth looking for evidence because we can't conclusively demonstrate that we have not been visited half of the time scale the galaxy has has existed there was no planet Earth so that's plenty of time for life to have evolved and technological life to have developed on another planet the answer is get more data we need much much more data and the way you're going to get more data is that you're going to have more eyes on the sky UFOs have been a part of our culture for decades they've been the subject of curiosity but rarely the subject of serious scient C ific investigation but that is changing I think it's critical to be open-minded don't be dismissive and search for the data like any good scientist what I think is important is that we are collecting more than just the eyewitness accounts but that we also have the right Hardware in place for things that will be seen today tomorrow so that we don't sit here and bicker about about what happened 20 years ago [Music]